How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (2024)

Table of Contents
Here we go! Pinterest is a social network with boards of people's favorite things. You can follow pins and boards from people you know. Here, you can see the pins from everyone you follow. So users have boards and relationships. Here's Pinterest's page view count at the beginning. In March 2010, the team wasn't working with much from an infrastructure point of view. Nine months later... The product and architecture evolved. Pinterest started doubling page views every month and a half, but everything was breaking. So they ended up with five major technologies just for the data alone. So they started dropping off technologies and did a massive restructuring of the architecture. Here's what they changed the architecture to. Pinterest's web traffic continued to increase. Pinterest started to put more resources into its architecture to handle its growth. Pinterest uses Amazon EC2/S3 for a few reasons. The main one: you can have new instances ready in a matter of seconds. But there is limited choice. Open source database MySQL has proven to be solid choice for Pinterest. It's incredibly mature and you can hire for it, as lots of engineers know MySQL. Memcache is also incredibly mature, and it never crashes. Redis isn't very mature, but it's simple. Pinterest realized that during its rapid growth, it needed to spread the data evenly to handle the load. So they defined a spectrum of options between clustering and sharding. With clustering, everything is automatic. But sharding is a completely manual data placement process. It's used to separate databases into smaller, faster, and more manageable data pieces called shards. If there's a massive bug, it will impact every single node. A SPOF brought down Pinterest four times. With sharding, everything is manual. And that's a good thing. If your project has a few terabytes of data, you should shard as soon as possible. When Pinterest's Pin table reached one billion rows, the indexes ran out of memory. That's when the company decided to shard. So Pinterest froze some of its features to start the transition from clustering to sharding. The less data you move, the more stable your architecture will be. Since they wanted to shard on MySQL, they projected growth for next five years. Pinterest initially put their databases on 8 physical servers. For high availability, Pinterest ran MySQL in multi master replication mode. With an increased load on a database, Pinterest replicated a server to handle some of the data nodes. Since Pinterest is on AWS and MySQL queries took about 3 milliseconds, they decided to build the location into the ID. If Pinterest has 50 IDs, for example, they split them up and run them in parallel. This is what Pinterest's lookup/rendering structure looks like. All of Pinterest's data falls into two categories: objects or mappings. How Pinterest brings up a user profile. Most of the calls are served from the cache (Memcache or Redis) Pinterest built a huge scripting farm to move 500 million Pins and 1.6 billion follower rows. Scripting is what happens when you need to move from the old, unsharded system to the sharded one. Need to give your brain a rest? FAQs
Chevron icon It indicates an expandable section or menu, or sometimes previous / next navigation options. HOMEPAGE

Newsletters

Subscribe

Tech

Megan Rose Dickey

2013-04-23T11:32:00Z

Pinterest engineers Yashwanth Nelapati and Marty Weiner recently shared some insights and lessons learned while developing and scaling the company.

Advertisem*nt

Pinterest is a site for collecting and sharing photos of interesting objects around the web.

In a little over three years, Pinterest has grown from zero page views a day to billions per month. The most recent tally: 3.4 billion monthly page views from its 25 million members worldwide.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (1)

Today, Pinterest is valued at $2.5 billion following a $200 million financing round earlier this year.

This slideshow talks about the software and hardware Pinterest used to get where it is today. Warning: It's for geeks only!

Advertisem*nt

Here we go!

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (2)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

Pinterest is a social network with boards of people's favorite things.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (4)

InfoQ

You can follow pins and boards from people you know.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (5)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

Here, you can see the pins from everyone you follow.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (6)

InfoQ

So users have boards and relationships.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (7)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

Here's Pinterest's page view count at the beginning.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (8)

InfoQ

In March 2010, the team wasn't working with much from an infrastructure point of view.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (9)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

The product and architecture evolved.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (11)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

Pinterest started doubling page views every month and a half, but everything was breaking.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (12)

InfoQ

So they ended up with five major technologies just for the data alone.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (13)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

So they started dropping off technologies and did a massive restructuring of the architecture.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (15)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

Here's what they changed the architecture to.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (16)

InfoQ

Pinterest's web traffic continued to increase.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (17)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

Pinterest started to put more resources into its architecture to handle its growth.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (18)

InfoQ

Pinterest uses Amazon EC2/S3 for a few reasons. The main one: you can have new instances ready in a matter of seconds.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (19)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

But there is limited choice.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (20)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

Open source database MySQL has proven to be solid choice for Pinterest. It's incredibly mature and you can hire for it, as lots of engineers know MySQL.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (22)

InfoQ

Memcache is also incredibly mature, and it never crashes.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (23)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

Redis isn't very mature, but it's simple.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (24)

InfoQ

Pinterest realized that during its rapid growth, it needed to spread the data evenly to handle the load. So they defined a spectrum of options between clustering and sharding.

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

With clustering, everything is automatic.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (26)

InfoQ

But sharding is a completely manual data placement process. It's used to separate databases into smaller, faster, and more manageable data pieces called shards.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (27)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

Advertisem*nt

If there's a massive bug, it will impact every single node. A SPOF brought down Pinterest four times.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (31)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

Advertisem*nt

With sharding, everything is manual. And that's a good thing.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (34)

InfoQ

If your project has a few terabytes of data, you should shard as soon as possible. When Pinterest's Pin table reached one billion rows, the indexes ran out of memory. That's when the company decided to shard.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (35)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

So Pinterest froze some of its features to start the transition from clustering to sharding.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (36)

InfoQ

The less data you move, the more stable your architecture will be.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (37)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

Since they wanted to shard on MySQL, they projected growth for next five years.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (38)

InfoQ

Pinterest initially put their databases on 8 physical servers.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (39)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

For high availability, Pinterest ran MySQL in multi master replication mode.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (40)

InfoQ

With an increased load on a database, Pinterest replicated a server to handle some of the data nodes.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (41)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

Since Pinterest is on AWS and MySQL queries took about 3 milliseconds, they decided to build the location into the ID.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (42)

InfoQ

If Pinterest has 50 IDs, for example, they split them up and run them in parallel. This is what Pinterest's lookup/rendering structure looks like.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (43)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

All of Pinterest's data falls into two categories: objects or mappings.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (45)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

How Pinterest brings up a user profile. Most of the calls are served from the cache (Memcache or Redis)

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (46)

InfoQ

Pinterest built a huge scripting farm to move 500 million Pins and 1.6 billion follower rows. Scripting is what happens when you need to move from the old, unsharded system to the sharded one.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (47)

InfoQ

Advertisem*nt

Advertisem*nt

Advertisem*nt

Need to give your brain a rest?

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (52)

Itay Sikolski

Read next

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (53)

NEW LOOK

Sign up to get the inside scoop on today’s biggest stories in markets, tech, and business — delivered daily. Read preview

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (54)

Thanks for signing up!

Access your favorite topics in a personalized feed while you're on the go.

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (55)

Pinterest

Advertisem*nt

How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation (2024)

FAQs

How did Pinterest get big? ›

Pinterest owes much of its initial success to grassroots marketing and good olde traditional word-of-mouth. Many of Pinterest's first users hailed from Des Moines, the home town of Pinterest founder Ben Silbermann, learning of the app through Silbermann's family.

What was the original idea for Pinterest? ›

Pinterest emerged from an earlier app created by Ben Silbermann and Paul Sciarra called Tote which served as a virtual replacement for paper catalogs. Tote struggled as a business, significantly due to difficulties with mobile payments.

How did Pinterest change the world? ›

Pinterest was such a hit because it helped people do something they were already doing—collecting and organizing things they liked or wanted to buy—by leveraging familiar behaviors, i.e., the idea of digital pin boards as an organizational tool for the real world.

Who owns Pinterest now? ›

Ownership Structure As of 2021, the majority of Pinterest's shares are owned by its co-founders, with Ben Silbermann holding the largest stake in the company. Other shareholders include venture capital firms, institutional investors, and executives.

How is Pinterest worth so much? ›

Pinterest mostly monetizes its audience by displaying ads and it undoubtedly has room to improve. Consider that Meta Platforms' Facebook made $44.60 per active user in 2023. For comparison, Pinterest only made $6.44 per active user in 2023. There is a massive disparity between these numbers for Facebook and Pinterest.

Has Pinterest ever been profitable? ›

Pinterest Profit

Pinterest reported a smaller annual net loss in 2023 of $35 million. It was last profitable in 2021.

What problem did Pinterest solve? ›

Pinterest solves the meaningful problem of providing a visual and organized platform for users to discover, save, and curate content related to their interests and passions.

What percent of Pinterest users are men? ›

Distribution of Pinterest users worldwide as of January 2024, by gender
CharacteristicShare of users
Female69.5%
Male22.4%
Unspecified*8.1%
Mar 20, 2024

Which country uses Pinterest the most? ›

A Majority of Pinterest Users Reside in the United States
  • United States: 38.06%
  • Brazil: 8.74%
  • Russia: 4.96%
  • India: 4.96%
  • Colombia: 2.41%

Is Pinterest no longer popular? ›

When it comes to users, Pinterest is the 15th most popular social media platform worldwide as of January 2024.

Why use Pinterest instead of Google? ›

Pinterest differs from traditional search engines by focusing on visual discovery. Your products can come to life on Pinterest, showcased in a real-world context that encourages browsers to become buyers. With features like Pinterest Lens, users can take pictures of objects and find where to purchase them.

Is Pinterest in debt? ›

Total debt on the balance sheet as of December 2023 : $0.19 B. According to Pinterest's latest financial reports the company's total debt is $0.19 B. A company's total debt is the sum of all current and non-current debts.

Why did Pinterest stock crash? ›

What Happened: Shares of social commerce platform Pinterest (NYSE: PINS) fell 21.9% in the morning session after the company reported fourth-quarter results with revenue missing analysts' expectations, though EPS beat. Revenue guidance for the next quarter also fell below expectations.

Did the CEO of Pinterest quit? ›

Longtime Pinterest CEO Ben Silbermann is stepping down, the company announced Tuesday. Shares jumped more than 5% in after-hours trading. Bill Ready, who was previously in charge of Google's commerce business, is taking over the helm, effective Wednesday.

Why did Pinterest become so popular? ›

Why do people use Pinterest instead of Google? It's more visually driven: Even Google Images can't compete with Pinterest's visual user experience. It's just so appealing, letting users browse and discover new designs and ideas.

Why did Pinterest succeed? ›

It's not just regular images. They are normally unique and beautiful images which are vying for your attention. People share them for a reason. This has been one of the key reasons for its success – its image based, unlike other social media which are content based.

When did Pinterest get popular? ›

Launched on March 2010 to family and friends, Pinterest quickly caught on, becoming one of the 10-largest social sites in 2011. It broke the all-time record at the time to reach 10 million users, due to Pinterest's early hype on the iPhone in 2011.

How did Pinterest make money? ›

Pinterest makes its money via advertising, specifically, promoted pins. These promoted pins are ads that look similar to user-generated pins (posts). The company has integrated a “buy it” button which permits users to buy pinned products directly from Pinterest, rather than visiting a separate merchant site.

Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Gov. Deandrea McKenzie

Last Updated:

Views: 5939

Rating: 4.6 / 5 (46 voted)

Reviews: 85% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Gov. Deandrea McKenzie

Birthday: 2001-01-17

Address: Suite 769 2454 Marsha Coves, Debbieton, MS 95002

Phone: +813077629322

Job: Real-Estate Executive

Hobby: Archery, Metal detecting, Kitesurfing, Genealogy, Kitesurfing, Calligraphy, Roller skating

Introduction: My name is Gov. Deandrea McKenzie, I am a spotless, clean, glamorous, sparkling, adventurous, nice, brainy person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.