Why are ionic compounds are soluble in water but insoluble in kerosene? (2024)

FAQs

Why are ionic compounds are soluble in water but insoluble in kerosene? ›

Water is a polar covalent compound. It decreases the electrostatic forces of attraction, resulting in free ions in aqueous solution. Hence, ionic compounds dissolve in water. Kerosene is a non-polar organic solvent and dissolves non-polar covalent compounds.

Kerosene doesn't dissolve in water because it's lighter than water. So, it forms a layer above water. Hydrocarbons can't roll in the hay - they only spread everywhere the surface and don't go inside the mass of water.

Ionic compounds are generally soluble in water but insoluble in organic solvents because water molecules being polar in nature breaks the ionic bond and interact strongly with positive-negative ions of the ionic compound.

why electrovalent compounds are generally soluble in water but not in kerosene? Organic solvents do not contain ions which can interact with ions of electrovalent compounds. Kerosene is an organic solvent while water is inorganic solvent.

Water is polar but kerosine isn't , they don't mix each other . On other hand , ethanol is also organic compound but -OH group cause polarization and he is polar molecule so ethanol (C2H5OH) dissolves in water .

Solubility in kerosene:

Thus, it can be concluded that ionic compounds are soluble in water but insoluble in kerosene.

Polar Solvent H 2 O dissociates the ionic compound by interacting with the charged ions and pulls them with a strong force of attraction. As a result, the electrostatic force between the ionic compounds decreases and thus makes them soluble in water.

Also, kerosene is nonpolar. Since salts ( $ NaCl $ ) are polar. Then $ NaCl $ dissolves in polar solvent and is insoluble in non-polar solvent. Hence salts (Sodium chloride) dissolves in water and is insoluble in kerosene.

Non-polar solvent can dissolve only the non polar compounds . Oils and fats are common examples of non-polar compounds. Therefore these are very good soluble in kerosene.

A number of ionic compounds, e.g AgCl,CaF2,BaSO4 are insoluble in water. This is because these molecules have exceptionally high attractive forces in their lattice. Ionic compounds having lattice energy higher than hydration energy are insoluble in water.

Are ionic compounds soluble in petrol or kerosene? ›

Ionic compounds are soluble in water and insoluble in solvents like petrol and kerosene.

They are called: immiscible liquids.

Many other solvents, like kerosene and gasoline, are unable to dissolve the ionic bond. Since they all have covalent and are non-polar in nature, it is impossible to dissolve them. Thus they like to dissolve covalent compounds.

Prior to absorbing water, ethanol can be mutually soluble with kerosene, but after water absorption, water and ethanol are mutually soluble and do not mix well with kerosene.

Kerosene and alcohol are miscible. Since ethanol itself has oxygen atom in it, it helps in combustion of kerosene.

Kerosene is less dense than water. The density of water is 1000 k g m 3 and kerosene is 810 k g m 3 .

Mixture of two or more immiscible solutions forms separate layers. Water and Kerosene are two immiscible liquids which can't mix up. So, they will form one upper layer and one lower layer and this depends on the density of the solution. Two liquids having different density can't mix up.

Kerosene and water are immiscible with each other and they form separate layers when kept undisturbed for a while. The separation of layers occurs because of the difference in densities of both liquids. The lower layer is of water since it has more density than kerosene while kerosene stays at the top.

Sand, lipids, wood, metals, and plastic are a few examples. They will not dissolve when we try to combine them with water.